Real-time assessment of bidirectional block during pulmonary vein cryoablation.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Real-time assessment of bidirectional block during pulmonary vein cryoablation Serge Boveda*, Rui Providência, and Jean-Paul Albenque Département de Rythmologie, Clinique Pasteur, 43–45 avenue de Lombez, 31076 Toulouse, BP 27617 Cedex 3, France * Corresponding author. Tel: +33 5 62 21 16 45; fax: +33 5 62 21 16 41, Email: [email protected] Bidirectional block at the left atrium–pulmonary vein junction is an established endpoint of atrial fibrillation ablation. Its real-time assessment has not yet been performed during pulmonary vein balloon cryoablation. In this case report, we illustrate the possibility of demonstrating its occurrence using the Achieve catheter with specific manoeuvres, suggesting the application of this technique in specific contexts.